Population evolution[edit source | editbeta]

As of 2010, the population of Paris proper stood around 2.25 million,[96] while that of Paris unité urbaine, roughly corresponding to the city and the surrounding built-up area was about 10.5 million. Though substantially lower than at its peak in the early 1920s, the density of the city proper is one of the highest in the developed world. Compared to the rest of France, the main features of the Parisian population are a high average income, relatively young median age, high proportion of international migrants and high economic inequalities. Similar characteristics are found in other large cities throughout the World.
Population evolution[edit source | editbeta]
The population of the city proper reached a maximum shortly after World War I, with nearly 3 millions inhabitants, and then decreased for the rest 20th century to the benefit of the suburb. Most of the decline occurred in the 1960s and 1970s, when it fell from 2.8 to 2.2 million.[97] This trend toward de-densification of the centre was also observed in other large cities like London and New York City.
Since the beginning of 21st century, the population of Paris has tended once again to rise, regaining more than 100,000 inhabitants between 1999 and 2009 despite a persistent migratory deficit.[98] and a fecundity rate well below 2.[99] The population growth is explained by the high proportion of people in the 18-40 age range who are most likely to have children.[100]
Density[edit source | editbeta]
Paris population density reaches 22,000 inhabitants per square kilometer - 25,000 if the outlying Bois de Boulogne and Bois de Vincennes are excluded. It is one of the highest in the developed world, only slightly lower than Manhattan. The residential density tends to be higher in the Eastern part of the city, while the centre-West contains more offices.[101] Paris urban unit (built-up area) extends well beyond the city limits, and comprises all of the surrounding départements of Hauts-de-Seine, Seine-Saint-Denis, and Essonne, as well as substantial portions of Yvelines, Val-d'Oise, Seine-et-Marne and Essonne. It includes heavily built-up inner suburbs, with densities comparable to those of Paris itself, as well as more distant and more sparsely populated areas. The average density for the whole urban unit is below 4,000 /km2.
Income[edit source | editbeta]
Though low wages are relatively similar in all Metropolitan France, high wages are higher and more numerous in the Paris region.[102] The median income for 2011 was around 25,000 euros in Paris against 22,200 for Île-de-France and 19,200 for the whole Metropolitan France.[103] It ranges from 16,400€ in the 19th[104] arrondissement to 41,800 in the 7th.[105] Generally speaking, incomes are higher in the Western part of the city and in the Western suburbs than in the Northern and Eastern parts of the urban area.

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